ABSTRACT
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common pregnancy-associated metabolic disorder that is steadily increasing worldwide. Early diagnosis of pregnant women susceptible to GDM is the first step for deploying effective preventive treatment to reduce maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications. The diagnostic process of GDM is still controversial and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the most recent markers used for the diagnosis of GDM. In this study, we aimed to systematically review the role of IL-6 in the diagnosis of GDM. In this systematic review, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, ProQuest, and MEDLINE databases were searched using the following keywords: GDM, screening, and IL-6, with the time interval 2009–2020. The quality of articles was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Twenty-four articles with desired quality that met the inclusion criteria were selected and reviewed further. Sixteen studies showed a statistically significant association, while 8 studies did not report any relationship between IL-6 levels and GDM. Based on the results of these studies, assessing the serum IL-6 levels can be investigated a newly established diagnostic biomarker for GDM. Therefore, through early diagnosis of susceptible women, effective measures can be implemented to reduce its complications.
ABSTRACT
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common pregnancy-associated metabolic disorder that is steadily increasing worldwide. Early diagnosis of pregnant women susceptible to GDM is the first step for deploying effective preventive treatment to reduce maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications. The diagnostic process of GDM is still controversial and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the most recent markers used for the diagnosis of GDM. In this study, we aimed to systematically review the role of IL-6 in the diagnosis of GDM. In this systematic review, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, ProQuest, and MEDLINE databases were searched using the following keywords: GDM, screening, and IL-6, with the time interval 2009–2020. The quality of articles was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Twenty-four articles with desired quality that met the inclusion criteria were selected and reviewed further. Sixteen studies showed a statistically significant association, while 8 studies did not report any relationship between IL-6 levels and GDM. Based on the results of these studies, assessing the serum IL-6 levels can be investigated a newly established diagnostic biomarker for GDM. Therefore, through early diagnosis of susceptible women, effective measures can be implemented to reduce its complications.
ABSTRACT
Background: co-inheritance of beta- and delta-globin mutations in Iran is not uncommon. This situation may interfere with correct diagnosis and genetic counseling of alpha- and beta-thalassemia in screening programs. Here we report the co-inheritance of beta- and delta-globin gene mutations in an individual with microcytosis, hypochromia and a normal hemoglobin A2 [HbA2] level
Methods: genomic DNA extraction, amplication refractory mutation system [ARMS] polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing of delta- and beta-globin genes were exploited for detection of the mutations in these two genes in an individual with low hematological indices and normal HbA2
Results: ARMS-PCR technique revealed the beta+ IVSI-5 [G to C] mutation and direct DNA sequencing of the delta-globin gene detected a previously reported delta codon 12 [AATàAAA] HbA2-NYU. This study reports HbA2-NYU in association with the beta IVSI-5 [G to C] mutation in Iran
Discussion: this report emphasizes that normal HbA2 expression in a beta-goblin carrier is due to mutation in the delta-globin gene and may cause misdiagnosis of thalassemia
ABSTRACT
Here we report the result of three cases referred to our lab that had a combination of beta-thalassemia and hemoglobin D [Hb D] traits. These individuals had no symptoms of profound anemia and hematological indices were similar to that of a beta-thalassemia heterozygote. In all three cases, the Hb D level was elevated and no HbA was detected electrophoretically. The electrophoresis pattern suggested that all cases were homozygotes for Hb D. PCR followed by digestion with EcoRI and sequencing of the beta-globin gene confirmed the presence of Cd 121 GAA>CAA in the heterozygous form with another beta-globin mutation. In all cases, the mutations in the beta-globin gene were detected by ARMS PCR technique and they were either IVSII-I or IVSI-5. Hematological studies of the family members showed that thalassemia which caused the mutations and Hb D were in the Trans position